​The Engine Combustion Laboratory (ECL) includes four complete systems of AVL Single Cylinder Research Engines.  Two engines (metal and transparent) are dedicated to studying gasoline fuels and the other two engines (metal and transparent) are for diesel fuel research.  All engines are "dual-fuel" capable that combine both multi-point port fuel injection system (MPFI) and Direct Injection system (DI) with independent precise fuel consumption measurement, conditioning, and control systems.  In-cylinder visualization is achieved via AVL Visioscope supported by Thermovision application.  Analysis of mixture formation and flame characterization is accomplished by using AVL advanced fiber optics installed directly into engines' cylinder-head.  A fast Gas Sampling Valve (f-GSV) is also installed in the cylinder-head for in-cylinder sampling.  The cylinder-heads of all engines are equipped with Twin Independent Variable Camshaft Timing systems (Ti-VCT) that are integrated into AVL ECU for control.  The engine facilities are controlled by AVL PUMA Open Automation System.